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HT45F4MA Datasheet(PDF) 130 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

Part # HT45F4MA
Description  Power Bank Flash MCU
PDF  145 Pages
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Manufacturer  HOLTEK [Holtek Semiconductor Inc]
Direct Link  http://www.holtek.com
Logo HOLTEK - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

HT45F4MA Datasheet(HTML) 130 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

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Rev. 1.20
130
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Rev. 1.20
131
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HT45F4MA/HT45FH4MA/HT45FH4MA-1
Power Bank Flash MCU
HT45F4MA/HT45FH4MA/HT45FH4MA-1
Power Bank Flash MCU
Logical and Rotate Operations
ThestandardlogicaloperationssuchasAND,OR,XORandCPLallhavetheirowninstruction
withintheHoltekmicrocontrollerinstructionset.Aswiththecaseofmostinstructionsinvolving
datamanipulation,datamustpassthroughtheAccumulatorwhichmayinvolveadditional
programmingsteps.Inalllogicaldataoperations,thezeroflagmaybesetiftheresultofthe
operationiszero.Anotherformoflogicaldatamanipulationcomesfromtherotateinstructionssuch
asRR,RL,RRCandRLCwhichprovideasimplemeansofrotatingonebitrightorleft.Different
rotateinstructionsexistdependingonprogramrequirements.Rotateinstructionsareusefulforserial
portprogrammingapplicationswheredatacanberotatedfromaninternalregisterintotheCarry
bitfromwhereitcanbeexaminedandthenecessaryserialbitsethighorlow.Anotherapplication
whererotatedataoperationsareusedistoimplementmultiplicationanddivisioncalculations.
Branches and Control Transfer
ProgrambranchingtakestheformofeitherjumpstospecifiedlocationsusingtheJMPinstructionor
toasubroutineusingtheCALLinstruction.Theydifferinthesensethatinthecaseofasubroutine
call,theprogrammustreturntotheinstructionimmediatelywhenthesubroutinehasbeencarried
out.ThisisdonebyplacingareturninstructionRETinthesubroutinewhichwillcausetheprogram
tojumpbacktotheaddressrightaftertheCALLinstruction.InthecaseofaJMPinstruction,the
programsimplyjumpstothedesiredlocation.Thereisnorequirementtojumpbacktotheoriginal
jumpingoffpointasinthecaseoftheCALLinstruction.Onespecialandextremelyusefulset
ofbranchinstructionsaretheconditionalbranches.Hereadecisionisfirstmaderegardingthe
conditionofacertaindatamemoryorindividualbits.Dependingupontheconditions,theprogram
willcontinuewiththenextinstructionorskipoveritandjumptothefollowinginstruction.These
instructionsarethekeytodecisionmakingandbranchingwithintheprogramperhapsdetermined
bytheconditionofcertaininputswitchesorbytheconditionofinternaldatabits.
Bit Operations
TheabilitytoprovidesinglebitoperationsonDataMemoryisanextremelyflexiblefeatureofall
Holtekmicrocontrollers.Thisfeatureisespeciallyusefulforoutputportbitprogrammingwhere
individualbitsorportpinscanbedirectlysethighorlowusingeitherthe″SET[m].i″or″CLR[m].i″
instructionsrespectively.Thefeatureremovestheneedforprogrammerstofirstreadthe8-bitoutput
port,manipulatetheinputdatatoensurethatotherbitsarenotchangedandthenoutputtheportwith
thecorrectnewdata.Thisread-modify-writeprocessistakencareofautomaticallywhenthesebit
operationinstructionsareused.
Table Read Operations
Datastorageisnormallyimplementedbyusingregisters.However,whenworkingwithlarge
amountsoffixeddata,thevolumeinvolvedoftenmakesitinconvenienttostorethefixeddatain
theDataMemory.Toovercomethisproblem,HoltekmicrocontrollersallowanareaofProgram
Memorytobesetupasatablewheredatacanbedirectlystored.Asetofeasytouseinstructions
providesthemeansbywhichthisfixeddatacanbereferencedandretrievedfromtheProgram
Memory.
Other Operations
Inadditiontotheabovefunctionalinstructions,arangeofotherinstructionsalsoexistsuchas
the″HALT″instructionforPower-downoperationsandinstructionstocontroltheoperationof
theWatchdogTimerforreliableprogramoperationsunderextremeelectricorelectromagnetic
environments.Fortheirrelevantoperations,refertothefunctionalrelatedsections.



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