30F4013 datasheet(68/228 Pages) MICROCHIP

68 / 228 page

dsPIC30F3014/4013

DS70138G-page 68

 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.

9.1

Timer Gate Operation

The 16-bit timer can be placed in the Gated Time Accu-

mulation mode. This mode allows the internal TCY to

increment the respective timer when the gate input sig-

nal (T1CK pin) is asserted high. Control bit, TGATE

(T1CON<6>), must be set to enable this mode. The

timer must be enabled (TON = 1) and the timer clock

source set to internal (TCS = 0).

When the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer stops

incrementing unless TSIDL = 0. If TSIDL = 1, the timer

resumes the incrementing sequence upon termination

of the CPU Idle mode.

9.2

Timer Prescaler

The input clock (FOSC/4 or external clock) to the 16-bit

Timer has a prescale option of 1:1, 1:8, 1:64 and 1:256,

selected by control bits, TCKPS<1:0> (T1CON<5:4>).

The prescaler counter is cleared when any of the

following occurs:

• a write to the TMR1 register

• a write to the T1CON register

• device Reset, such as POR and BOR

However, if the timer is disabled (TON = 0), then the

timer prescaler cannot be reset since the prescaler

clock is halted.

TMR1 is not cleared when T1CON is written. It is

cleared by writing to the TMR1 register.

9.3

Timer Operation During Sleep

Mode

During CPU Sleep mode, the timer operates if:

• The timer module is enabled (TON = 1) and

• The timer clock source is selected as external

(TCS = 1) and

• The TSYNC bit (T1CON<2>) is asserted to a logic

‘0’ which defines the external clock source as

asynchronous.

When all three conditions are true, the timer continues

to count up to the Period register and is reset to

0x0000.

When a match between the timer and the Period

respective timer interrupt enable bit is asserted.

9.4

Timer Interrupt

The 16-bit timer has the ability to generate an interrupt-

on-period match. When the timer count matches the

Period register, the T1IF bit is asserted and an interrupt

is generated, if enabled. The T1IF bit must be cleared in

software. The Timer Interrupt Flag, T1IF, is located in the

IFS0 Control register in the interrupt controller.

When the Gated Time Accumulation mode is enabled,

an interrupt is also generated on the falling edge of the

gate signal (at the end of the accumulation cycle).

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respec-

tive timer interrupt enable bit, T1IE. The timer interrupt

enable bit is located in the IEC0 Control register in the

interrupt controller.

9.5

Real-Time Clock

Timer1, when operating in Real-Time Clock (RTC)

mode, provides time of day and event time-stamping

capabilities. Key operational features of the RTC are:

• Operation from 32 kHz LP oscillator

• 8-bit prescaler

•Low power

• Real-Time Clock interrupts

These operating modes are determined by setting the

appropriate bit(s) in the T1CON Control register.

FIGURE 9-2:

RECOMMENDED

COMPONENTS FOR

TIMER1 LP OSCILLATOR

RTC

9.5.1

RTC OSCILLATOR OPERATION

When the TON = 1, TCS = 1 and TGATE = 0, the timer

increments on the rising edge of the 32 kHz LP oscilla-

tor output signal, up to the value specified in the Period

The TSYNC bit must be asserted to a logic ‘0’

(Asynchronous mode) for correct operation.

Enabling LPOSCEN (OSCCON<1>) disables the nor-

mal Timer and Counter modes and enable a timer

carry-out wake-up event.

When the CPU enters Sleep mode, the RTC continues

to operate, provided the 32 kHz external crystal oscilla-

tor is active and the control bits have not been

changed. The TSIDL bit should be cleared to ‘0’ in

order for RTC to continue operation in Idle mode.

9.5.2

RTC INTERRUPTS

When an interrupt event occurs, the respective interrupt

flag, T1IF, is asserted and an interrupt is generated, if

enabled. The T1IF bit must be cleared in software. The

respective Timer Interrupt Flag, T1IF, is located in the

IFS0 register in the interrupt controller.

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respec-

tive timer interrupt enable bit, T1IE. The timer interrupt

enable bit is located in the IEC0 Control register in the

interrupt controller.

SOSCI

SOSCO

dsPIC30FXXXX

32.768 kHz

XTAL

C1 = C2 = 18 pF; R = 100K

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