30F4013 datasheet(105/228 Pages) MICROCHIP

105 / 228 page

 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.

DS70138G-page 105

dsPIC30F3014/4013

16.2

Enabling and Setting Up UART

16.2.1

ENABLING THE UART

The UART module is enabled by setting the UARTEN

bit in the UxMODE register (where x = 1 or 2). Once

enabled, the UxTX and UxRX pins are configured as an

output and an input, respectively, overriding the TRIS

and LAT register bit settings for the corresponding I/O

port pins. The UxTX pin is at logic ‘1’ when no

transmission is taking place.

16.2.2

DISABLING THE UART

The UART module is disabled by clearing the UARTEN

bit in the UxMODE register. This is the default state

after any Reset. If the UART is disabled, all I/O pins

operate as port pins under the control of the LAT and

TRIS bits of the corresponding port pins.

Disabling the UART module resets the buffers to empty

states. Any data characters in the buffers are lost and

the baud rate counter is reset.

All error and status flags associated with the UART

module are reset when the module is disabled. The

URXDA, OERR, FERR, PERR, UTXEN, UTXBRK and

UTXBF bits are cleared, whereas RIDLE and TRMT

are

set.

Other

control

bits,

including

ADDEN,

URXISEL<1:0>, UTXISEL, as well as the UxMODE

and UxBRG registers, are not affected.

Clearing the UARTEN bit while the UART is active

aborts all pending transmissions and receptions and

resets the module, as defined above. Re-enabling the

UART restarts the UART in the same configuration.

16.2.3

ALTERNATE I/O

The alternate I/O function is enabled by setting the

ALTIO bit (UxMODE<10>). If ALTIO = 1, the UxATX

and UxARX pins (alternate transmit and alternate

receive pins, respectively) are used by the UART mod-

ule instead of the UxTX and UxRX pins. If ALTIO = 0,

the UxTX and UxRX pins are used by the UART

module.

16.2.4

SETTING UP DATA, PARITY AND

STOP BIT SELECTIONS

Control bits, PDSEL<1:0> in the UxMODE register, are

used to select the data length and parity used in the

transmission. The data length may either be 8 bits with

even, odd or no parity, or 9 bits with no parity.

The STSEL bit determines whether one or two Stop bits

are used during data transmission.

The default (power-on) setting of the UART is 8 bits, no

parity and 1 Stop bit (typically represented as 8, N, 1).

16.3

Transmitting Data

16.3.1

TRANSMITTING IN 8-BIT DATA

MODE

The following steps must be performed in order to

transmit 8-bit data:

Set up the UART:

First, the data length, parity and number of Stop

bits must be selected. Then, the transmit and

receive interrupt enable and priority bits are set

up in the UxMODE and UxSTA registers. Also,

the appropriate baud rate value must be written

to the UxBRG register.

Enable the UART by setting the UARTEN bit

(UxMODE<15>).

Set the UTXEN bit (UxSTA<10>), thereby

enabling a transmission.

Write the byte to be transmitted to the lower byte

of UxTXREG. The value is transferred to the

Transmit Shift register (UxTSR) immediately,

and the serial bit stream starts shifting out during

the next rising edge of the baud clock. Alterna-

tively, the data byte can be written while UTXEN

= 0, following which, the user can set UTXEN.

This causes the serial bit stream to begin imme-

diately because the baud clock starts from a

cleared state.

A transmit interrupt is generated, depending on

the value of the interrupt control bit, UTXISEL

(UxSTA<15>).

16.3.2

TRANSMITTING IN 9-BIT DATA

MODE

The sequence of steps involved in the transmission of

9-bit data is similar to 8-bit transmission, except that a

16-bit data word (of which the upper 7 bits are always

clear) must be written to the UxTXREG register.

16.3.3

TRANSMIT BUFFER (UXTXB)

The transmit buffer is 9 bits wide and 4 characters

deep. Including the Transmit Shift register (UxTSR),

the user effectively has a 5-deep FIFO (First-In, First-

Out) buffer. The UTXBF status bit (UxSTA<9>)

indicates whether the transmit buffer is full.

If a user attempts to write to a full buffer, the new data

is not accepted into the FIFO, and no data shift occurs

within the buffer. This enables recovery from a buffer

overrun condition.

The FIFO is reset during any device Reset but is not

affected when the device enters or wakes up from a

power-saving mode.

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