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HT66F4530 Datasheet(PDF) 32 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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HT66F4530 Datasheet(HTML) 32 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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32 / 224 page  Rev. 1.00 3� De�e��e� �1� �01� Rev. 1.00 33 De�e��e� �1� �01� HT66F4530/HT66F4540/HT66F4550 A/D Flash MCU with Dual Operational Amplifiers HT66F4530/HT66F4540/HT66F4550 A/D Flash MCU with Dual Operational Amplifiers Exe�ute Inst. 1 Fet�h Inst. � 1 MOV A� [1�H] � CALL DELAY 3 CPL [1�H] 4: 5: � DELAY: NOP Fet�h Inst. 1 Exe�ute Inst. � Fet�h Inst. 3 Flush Pipeline Fet�h Inst. � Exe�ute Inst. � Fet�h Inst. 7 Instruction Fetching Program Counter Duringprogramexecution,theProgramCounterisusedtokeeptrackoftheaddressofthe nextinstructiontobeexecuted.Itisautomaticallyincrementedbyoneeachtimeaninstruction isexecutedexceptforinstructions,suchas"JMP"or"CALL"thatdemandsajumptoanon- consecutiveProgramMemoryaddress.Onlythelower8bits,knownastheProgramCounterLow Register,aredirectlyaddressablebytheapplicationprogram. Whenexecutinginstructionsrequiringjumpstonon-consecutiveaddressessuchasajump instruction,asubroutinecall,interruptorreset,etc.,themicrocontrollermanagesprogramcontrol byloadingtherequiredaddressintotheProgramCounter.Forconditionalskipinstructions,once theconditionhasbeenmet,thenextinstruction,whichhasalreadybeenfetchedduringthepresent instructionexecution,isdiscardedandadummycycletakesitsplacewhilethecorrectinstructionis obtained. Device Program Counter High Byte Low Byte (PCL) HT��F4530 PC10~PC8 PCL7~PCL0 HT��F4540 PC11~PC8 PCL7~PCL0 HT��F4550 PC1�~PC8 PCL7~PCL0 Program Counter ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounter,knownastheProgramCounterLowregisterorPCL,is availableforprogramcontrolandisareadableandwriteableregister.Bytransferringdatadirectly intothisregister,ashortprogramjumpcanbeexecuteddirectly;however,asonlythislowbyte isavailableformanipulation,thejumpsarelimitedtothepresentpageofmemorythatis256 locations.Whensuchprogramjumpsareexecuteditshouldalsobenotedthatadummycycle willbeinserted.ManipulatingthePCLregistermaycauseprogrambranching,soanextracycleis neededtopre-fetch. Stack ThisisaspecialpartofthememorywhichisusedtosavethecontentsoftheProgramCounter only.Thestackhasmultiplelevelsandneitherpartofthedatanorpartoftheprogramspace,and isneitherreadablenorwriteable.TheactivatedlevelisindexedbytheStackPointer,andisneither readablenorwriteable.Atasubroutinecallorinterruptacknowledgesignal,thecontentsofthe ProgramCounterarepushedontothestack.Attheendofasubroutineoraninterruptroutine, signaledbyareturninstruction,RETorRETI,theProgramCounterisrestoredtoitspreviousvalue fromthestack.Afteradevicereset,theStackPointerwillpointtothetopofthestack. Ifthestackisfullandanenabledinterrupttakesplace,theinterruptrequestflagwillberecordedbut theacknowledgesignalwillbeinhibited.WhentheStackPointerisdecremented,byRETorRETI, theinterruptwillbeserviced.Thisfeaturepreventsstackoverflowallowingtheprogrammertouse thestructuremoreeasily.However,whenthestackisfull,aCALLsubroutineinstructioncanstill beexecutedwhichwillresultinastackoverflow.Precautionsshouldbetakentoavoidsuchcases whichmightcauseunpredictableprogrambranching. Ifthestackisoverflow,thefirstProgramCountersaveinthestackwillbelost. |
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