PIC12C67X datasheet(69/129 Pages) MICROCHIP

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DS30561B-page 69

PIC12C67X

10.0

INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY

Each PIC12C67X instruction is a 14-bit word divided

into an OPCODE which specifies the instruction type

and one or more operands which further specify the

operation of the instruction. The PIC12C67X instruc-

tion set summary in Table 10-2 lists byte-oriented, bit-

oriented, and literal and control operations. Table 10-

1 shows the opcode field descriptions.

For byte-oriented instructions, ’f’ represents a file reg-

ister designator and ’d’ represents a destination desig-

nator. The file register designator specifies which file

The destination designator specifies where the result of

the operation is to be placed. If ’d’ is zero, the result is

placed in the W register. If ’d’ is one, the result is placed

in the file register specified in the instruction.

For bit-oriented instructions, ’b’ represents a bit field

designator which selects the number of the bit affected

by the operation, while ’f’ represents the number of the

file in which the bit is located.

For literal and control operations, ’k’ represents an

eight or eleven bit constant or literal value.

TABLE 10-1:

OPCODE FIELD

DESCRIPTIONS

Field

Description

Working register (accumulator)

Bit address within an 8-bit file register

Literal field, constant data or label

Don’t care location (= 0 or 1)

The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is the

recommended form of use for compatibility with all

Microchip software tools.

Destination select; d = 0: store result in W,

d = 1: store result in file register f.

Default is d = 1

label

Label name

TOS

Top of Stack

Program Counter

PCLATH

Program Counter High Latch

GIE

Global Interrupt Enable bit

WDT

Watchdog Timer/Counter

Time-out bit

Power-down bit

dest

Destination either the W register or the specified

[ ]

Options

( )

Contents

→ Assigned to

< >

∈

In the set of

italics User defined term (font is courier)

The instruction set is highly orthogonal and is grouped

into three basic categories:

• Byte-oriented operations

• Bit-oriented operations

• Literal and control operations

All instructions are executed within one single instruc-

tion cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the pro-

gram counter is changed as a result of an instruction.

In this case, the execution takes two instruction cycles

with the second cycle executed as a NOP. One instruc-

tion cycle consists of four oscillator periods. Thus, for

an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the normal instruction

execution time is 1

µs. If a conditional test is true or the

program counter is changed as a result of an instruc-

tion, the instruction execution time is 2

µs.

Table 10-2 lists the instructions recognized by the

MPASM assembler.

Figure 10-1 shows the three general formats that the

instructions can have.

All examples use the following format to represent a

hexadecimal number:

0xhh

where h signifies a hexadecimal digit.

FIGURE 10-1: GENERAL FORMAT FOR

INSTRUCTIONS

Note:

To maintain upward compatibility with

future PIC12C67X products, do not use the

OPTION

and TRIS instructions.

Byte-oriented file register operations

d = 0 for destination W

OPCODE

f (FILE #)

d = 1 for destination f

f = 7-bit file register address

Bit-oriented file register operations

10 9

7 6

OPCODE

b (BIT #)

f (FILE #)

b = 3-bit bit address

f = 7-bit file register address

Literal and control operations

OPCODE

k (literal)

k = 8-bit immediate value

OPCODE

k (literal)

k = 11-bit immediate value

General

CALL

and GOTO instructions only

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